Cimabue, Santa Trinita Madonna, 1280-90

The foundations of Christ's kingdom is portrayed in Cimabue's Santa Trinita Madonna. Originally hung in the high alter of the Santa Trinità church in Florence this painting exemplifies fine byzantine style. Here Madonna and her child rest atop a throne surrounded by angels. This pattern is commonly referred to as a maesta, which was used by painters to portray the virgin as the queen of paradise.

Cimabue paints this Madonna, which greatly resembles Duccio's Rucellai Madonna, while retaining the Byzantine elements of the painting. The large, golden elaborate throne envelops the painting, with the angels pressing inwards to frame Madonna. The same framing is seen below the throne as the four prophets support her, Jeremiah and Isaiah on the far ends while Abraham and King David sit directly underneath the throne.

The painting rests on a gold background, further emphasizing the Byzantine heritage and style. Although some elements remain true to fashion, the architectural beauty of the throne is used to create a feeling of depth. A tension is felt in the painting as the angels on the outside force weight onto either side of the throne. This spatial theme is used to almost present a three dimensional element to the painting, as the movement flowing downwards toward the base. Cimabue provides intense emotion within the subjects of his paintings, this vitality characterizes much of Cimabue's work creating a unique style.